The New Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation, or New JEWEL Movement (NJM) was a Marxist-Leninist vanguard party in Grenada.
Established in 1973, the NJM issued its manifesto prior to the granting of Independence to Grenada in 1974. The New JEWEL Movement (NJM) was formally established on 11 March 1973 as an alliance of the Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation (JEWEL) and the Movement for Assemblies of the People (MAP), led by young lawyer Maurice Bishop. From 1973 to 1979, the NJM was an opposition political party active in Grenada. During the 1970s, the political situation in Grenada became increasingly polarized and violent. For the 1976 general elections the organisation formed an electoral coalition known as the People's Alliance with the Grenada National Party and the United People's Party. However, the alliance lost to the ruling Grenada United Labour Party in elections which were branded fraudulent by international observers.
The movement took control of the country with a successful revolution in 1979 and ruled by decree until 1983. In 1983, its leader Maurice Bishop was killed by paramilitaries affiliated with hard-liners in his own party. This led to a military government, which was deposed by the US military in a 1983 invasion. |
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Founded |
11 March 1973 |
Founded by |
Maurice BISHOP |
First Election |
1976 |
Last Election |
1976 |
Party Colour |
Orange |
Slogan |
En Avant Jambes, En Arrière Jamais!
"Forward Ever, Backward Never!" |
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Ideology |
Communism, Marxism-Meninism |
Status |
Dissolved (1983) |
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